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The Effect of Environmental Knowledge, Local Wisdom, and Attitudes Towards Community Behavior in Managing Waste in Large-Type Housing in Soppeng Regency
Sugeng Abdul Karim,
Bakhrani Abdul Rauf,
Faizal Amir,
Mithen Lullulangi,
Wabdillah
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-6
Received:
9 December 2021
Accepted:
20 December 2021
Published:
8 January 2022
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) waste management behavior, environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and attitudes towards the community environment in a large-type housing complex in Soppeng Regency, (2) the influence of environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and attitudes towards the environment itself alone and jointly on the behavior of the community in managing waste in a large-type housing complex in Soppeng Regency. This type of research is correlational research. The research is located in a large type housing complex in Soppeng Regency. The population of this study is the head of the family who lives in a large type housing complex in Soppeng Regency. The sample area is one large type of housing complex selected by purposive sampling method. Respondents of 50 families were selected by systematic random sampling method. The dependent variable of the study is the behavior of managing waste (Y). The independent variables (X) are: (a) environmental knowledge (X1); (b) local wisdom (X2); and (c) environmental attitude (X3). The data analysis technique used are descriptive statistical analysis and infrensial statistical analysis. The analytical model used are simple regression and multiple regression. The results showed that: (1) waste management behavior, environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and attitudes towards the community environment in a large type housing complex in Soppeng Regency were classified as low, (2) partially and jointly, environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and environmental attitudes have a very significant effect and give a real contribution to people's behavior in managing waste in a large type housing complex in Soppeng Regency.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) waste management behavior, environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and attitudes towards the community environment in a large-type housing complex in Soppeng Regency, (2) the influence of environmental knowledge, local wisdom, and attitudes towards the environment itself alone and jointly on the behavi...
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Urban Air Pollution Caused of Particulate Matter and Lead in the City of Chittagong-Bangladesh
Ahmed Jubaer,
Mohammed Khorshed Ali,
Saiyed Mahmud Tanvir Hassan,
Mohammad Zahirul Islam Talukder
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
7-15
Received:
18 December 2021
Accepted:
6 January 2022
Published:
12 January 2022
Abstract: Chittagong city is one of the largest and commercial cities of Bangladesh. Many industries are continuously producing particulate matters by their daily activity. Air pollution due to the PM has significant effects on asthma, allergy and other respiratory diseases. There is a great need to implement control measures in most of the megacities of the world to improve air quality and hence protect public health. Like many megacities in the world the ambient air quality of Chittagong is also being deteriorated day by day. Main sources of air pollution are particulate matter in this city are arising out emitted directly from a source, such as construction sites, unpaved roads, fields and fires. Most particles form in the atmosphere as a result of complex reactions of chemicals from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which are pollutants emitted from power plants, industries and automobiles. Considering that, the current study plan was undertaken to measure the pollutants level in the air of different urban locations of Chittagong, the second largest city of Bangladesh. Atmospheric pollutants such particulate matters (PM2.5, PM10 and PM) and lead (Pb) were determined in Chittagong city. Eight different sampling stations, Muradpur Circle, WASA Circle, G.E.C Circle, Proborthak Circle, Chawk Bazar Circle, Alongkar Circle, New Market Circle and Oxygen Circle were selected for sample collection and observations. The objective of the study was to determine the concentrations of particulate matters and heavy metal lead (Pb) pollution to find out the variation of air pollutants in different locations of Chittagong city. The concentration of particulate matter pollutants was found more at highly traffic areas. The highest average concentration value of PM2.5, PM10, PM and Pb was observed at G.E.C Circle, Proborthak Circle Chawkbazar Circle and Oxygen Circle respectively. The lowest average concentration value of PM2.5, PM10, PM and Pb was found at Chawkbazar Circle, Alongkar Circle, Muradpur Circle and Proborthak Circle. The average results of particulate matters and trace metals have been compared to national and international standards. The value of PM2.5, PM10 in air of Chittagong city is higher than that of TLV value recommended by WHO and ECR’97 and 2005 amendment suggested standard. The elemental concentrations of lead (Pb) of ambient air that collected at different locations in Chittagong city is in the TLV. A strategic air quality management plan has been proposed.
Abstract: Chittagong city is one of the largest and commercial cities of Bangladesh. Many industries are continuously producing particulate matters by their daily activity. Air pollution due to the PM has significant effects on asthma, allergy and other respiratory diseases. There is a great need to implement control measures in most of the megacities of the...
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Application of Formaldehyde Free Adhesive in Composite Floor
Zhiyong Zheng,
Yongqiang Jiang,
Kaixuan Zheng,
Qi Li,
An Mao
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
16-21
Received:
30 December 2021
Accepted:
14 January 2022
Published:
24 January 2022
Abstract: With the enhancement of consumers' concept of "health and environmental protection", the requirements for the living environment are higher and higher, and the quality of home decoration materials has attracted much attention. The green adhesive without formaldehyde has become a research and application hotspot in recent years, and has been more and more widely used in the composite floor industry. Composite floor is an indispensable building material with large application area in residential decoration. The selection and use of adhesives directly determine the environmental protection grade of composite floor. Biomass adhesives, polyurethane adhesives and thermoplastic resin adhesives represented by soybean adhesives are the three types of aldehyde free adhesives with the greatest development potential in composite floor industry at present. This paper reviews the application of aldehyde free adhesives such as polyurethane (including isocyanate) adhesives, waterborne polymer isocyanate adhesives, polyethylene films, soybean protein adhesives and polyvinyl acetate adhesives in solid wood composite floors and paper impregnated laminated wood floors (laminate floor), bamboo floor and other common composite floors, discusses the existing problems, and looks forward to the main research and development direction in the future.
Abstract: With the enhancement of consumers' concept of "health and environmental protection", the requirements for the living environment are higher and higher, and the quality of home decoration materials has attracted much attention. The green adhesive without formaldehyde has become a research and application hotspot in recent years, and has been more an...
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Impacts of Green Tire Technology: Case Study of Environmental and Customer Perspectives
Nathan Peixoto Oliveira,
Gustavo Fonseca Costa Rodrigues,
Carlos Manuel Taboada Rodriguez
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
22-29
Received:
4 May 2021
Accepted:
24 June 2021
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: Contextualization: the scenario of natural resource degradation requires an urgent positioning of big companies. Government and social pressures are reflected in a company’s responsibilities and products. Research Problem: Many of a company’s required actions are focused on post-consumption, natural resource usage restrictions, and the search for alternatives to reduce the negative environmental effects. Justification: This work is concerned with improperly disposed tires, whose residues are difficult to eliminate in accordance with the National Environmental Council (CONAMA) legislation, and with the differentiation of green tires from low-cost and low-quality Chinese tires. Objectives: This research focused on the analysis of Michelin green tire technology in light of its efficiency and market views, comparing them to a common tire. Methodology: Using a case study, the cost, durability, market acceptance and associated usage benefits of both tires was studied. Results: Green tires increase fuel economy and cost slightly more than common tires. Regarding durability, the ordinary tires waste the equivalent of the value of two green tires in one life-cycle. But despite the benefits in fuel economy, reduced CO2 emission and mileage, these benefits are usually not perceived by lay consumers. Conclusion: Green tires are a new trend, and the tests results proved that it is possible to reduce the environmental impact while maintaining or even improving comfort, safety, fuel economy and performance.
Abstract: Contextualization: the scenario of natural resource degradation requires an urgent positioning of big companies. Government and social pressures are reflected in a company’s responsibilities and products. Research Problem: Many of a company’s required actions are focused on post-consumption, natural resource usage restrictions, and the search for a...
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Stakeholders Opinion on Selected Effects of Road Construction Delay in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Frederick Nosakhare Ogbeide,
Jacob Odeh Ehiorobo,
Sylvester Obinna Osuji,
Idowu Rudolph Ilaboya
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
30-43
Received:
16 December 2021
Accepted:
17 January 2022
Published:
26 January 2022
Abstract: Many variables are involved in the construction of road projects. These variables changes with project types and sizes, thus challenging management of these projects to uncertainties. The resulting effects of schedule overrun may be reduced but cannot be completely depleted or eliminated. At these times of scarce and competing resources, critical effects of construction delay are prompted for effective resource deployment in making investment decisions. Eleven important effects of construction delay of road projects awarded by the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) derived from literature and desk file review were identified. These factors which can be linked with stakeholders in the NDDC’s road construction industry i.e., client, contractor, consultant and estate valuer were evaluated by utilising quantitative analysis to get the stakeholder’s opinions on the critical effects from the selected array. Analysis of the questionnaire was also done to assess its statistical significance. To achieve this objectives, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) which includes; Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (CAC) calculation, reliability analysis, multivariate and inferential statistics were employed. The most critical effects of construction delay of road projects awarded by NDDC in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria are: time overrun, cost overrun, litigation and Disruption to traffic movement. The next critical effects are obstruction of economical and urban movement, total abandonment, dispute, delay of other projects related to the main one, and breach of contract.
Abstract: Many variables are involved in the construction of road projects. These variables changes with project types and sizes, thus challenging management of these projects to uncertainties. The resulting effects of schedule overrun may be reduced but cannot be completely depleted or eliminated. At these times of scarce and competing resources, critical e...
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Physical and Chemical Study of Water from the Underground of Ichuña, Moquegua, Peru
Renee Mauricio Condori Apaza,
Erika Cari Mendoza,
Sheda Mendez Ancca
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
44-50
Received:
17 January 2022
Accepted:
5 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: The physicochemical study in water of the springs of Ichuña, Moquegua, Peru had as objective to know the quality of water by the direct use and supply of the population, in agriculture and livestock, this town has mineral resources such as; Gold, copper and silver, which are extracted by mining industries at the head of the basin also for their stratigraphic characteristic constituted by: the Yura, Puno, Tacaza and Barroso Group which have volcanic conglomerate and crust of tectonic origin. This activity offers economic benefits, environmental and public health problems arising from the direct and indirect impact of these activities. It was determined the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, As, B and Cd) in the springs of; Mauri, Humalzo, Totorani. Using thee National Water Resources Quality Monitoring Protocol (R. J. 010-2016-ANA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The following results were obtained; in Mauri: Arsenic 0.08 mg / L, in Humalzo and Mauri: Boron 2.42 mg / L and 0.857mg / L, in Mauri and Humalzo: Lead 0.02 mg / L and 0.017 mg / L and in Mauri, Humalzo and Totorani: <0.003 mg / L. The average pH is 8.0 and the heavy metals are; Arsenic, Boron and Lead in water from Ichuña springs over the Water Quality Standards of Peru and Cadmium are very low.
Abstract: The physicochemical study in water of the springs of Ichuña, Moquegua, Peru had as objective to know the quality of water by the direct use and supply of the population, in agriculture and livestock, this town has mineral resources such as; Gold, copper and silver, which are extracted by mining industries at the head of the basin also for their str...
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The Case of the Basque Country Capital City´s Green Belt: An Effective Resilient Border
Fernando Bajo Martinez de Murguia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
51-56
Received:
17 December 2021
Accepted:
12 January 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: In this article, we analyze not only the evolution but the different effects Vitoria-Gasteiz´s green belt has showed on retaining urban sprawl and the simultaneous natural native environment enhancement. Assets that granted the city the European Green Capital award in 2012, and still render important environmental benefits. Applying the beneficial effects of green borders as a soft transition between the urban and the rural realm, amid the never properly solved problem of the city limits. It means a remarkable case study to learn from, that deals with the way of giving form to the already built city limits. Starting from the very first steps with a set of small peripheral parks that meant the beginning of a whole green infrastructure strategy, this text is a succinct critical view that depicts the origins, processes and challenges of this case study. It mainly focus its scope on the North and East part of the belt (some of the earliest and biggest), where water is the main character based on the recovery of existing wetlands, giving form to a kind of green and blue belt, performing multiple functions according to the quoted key concepts. And in the end, being a repeatable example of a resilient border for medium size cities.
Abstract: In this article, we analyze not only the evolution but the different effects Vitoria-Gasteiz´s green belt has showed on retaining urban sprawl and the simultaneous natural native environment enhancement. Assets that granted the city the European Green Capital award in 2012, and still render important environmental benefits. Applying the beneficial ...
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Preparation and Properties of Aldehyde Free Adhesive Based on Plant Protein
Jiyong Xu,
Zhigao Luo,
Le Luo,
Xuemei Yin,
Qi Li,
An Mao
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
57-61
Received:
24 January 2022
Accepted:
17 February 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: At present, the most used wood adhesive in China is still "formaldehyde-based adhesive", and "formaldehyde-based adhesive" will release formaldehyde in the process of production and practical application, causing damage to the environment and human body. With the continuous depletion of oil resources and people's attention to environmental protection, it is of great scientific significance and practical value to develop a new type of environmental protection adhesive with renewable biomass as the main raw material. Using plant meal as the main raw material for preparing protein adhesive can not only reduce the cost of adhesive, but also break through the supply and demand limit of soybean protein. In this study, plant meal was used as the raw material, and the raw material was used as the adhesive base material after water washing pretreatment process. The bonding properties of the prepared protein adhesive were discussed. The effects of cottonseed powder particle size and treatment temperature on the properties were analyzed. An aldehyde free adhesive with bonding strength and water resistance meeting the requirements of national standard was obtained, and the maximum water resistance adhesive strength can reach 0.98mpa, It meets the standard of national standard class II plywood, and the formaldehyde emission reaches the group standard of formaldehyde free wood-based panel, which has great market promotion potential.
Abstract: At present, the most used wood adhesive in China is still "formaldehyde-based adhesive", and "formaldehyde-based adhesive" will release formaldehyde in the process of production and practical application, causing damage to the environment and human body. With the continuous depletion of oil resources and people's attention to environmental protecti...
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Study on Protein Based Adhesives Blending-Modified by Isocyanate
Jiyong Xu,
Zhigao Luo,
Le Luo,
Xuemei Yin,
Qi Li,
An Mao
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
62-66
Received:
24 January 2022
Accepted:
17 February 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: The price of cotton by-product cottonseed meal has been relatively stable and significantly lower than that of soybean meal, which has greater advantages for industrial raw materials. Cottonseed meal after cottonseed oil extraction accounts for 30% of the total content of plant meal, and the protein contained in cottonseed meal is not lower than soybean protein in terms of quality and quantity. At present, cottonseed meal, as a by-product of cottonseed oil extraction, is mainly used in animal feed, and cottonseed protein is not fully utilized. In this study, cottonseed meal was used as raw material. By studying the effects of modifier addition and reaction conditions on the bonding properties of cottonseed adhesive, the best process parameters for preparing the best cottonseed adhesive were explored, and the modification mechanism of cottonseed protein adhesive was revealed by analyzing the adhesives prepared under different conditions. The results showed that the solid content increased with the increase of isocyanate addition ratio, and the application period of the adhesive shortened with the increase of isocyanate addition ratio. When the addition amount was 40%, a large number of bubbles were produced in 30 minutes. The water resistance of blended modified cottonseed adhesive was tested. When the proportion of isocyanate was less than 10%, the water resistance bonding strength could not meet the requirements of national standard. Adding more than 10% isocyanate cottonseed protein adhesive to bond plywood can well meet the standard of class II plate, and the maximum bonding strength can reach 1.68mpa. The research results can not only provide a certain theoretical basis and practical guidance for the preparation of new low-cost green adhesive, but also open up a new way for the effective utilization of agricultural and forestry waste cottonseed meal.
Abstract: The price of cotton by-product cottonseed meal has been relatively stable and significantly lower than that of soybean meal, which has greater advantages for industrial raw materials. Cottonseed meal after cottonseed oil extraction accounts for 30% of the total content of plant meal, and the protein contained in cottonseed meal is not lower than so...
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Triclosan in Influents and Effluents from Sewage Treatment Plants Using Chlorine and UV Disinfection
Hsin-Jen Tsai,
Fu-Kuei Chang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
67-70
Received:
9 May 2021
Accepted:
15 March 2022
Published:
23 March 2022
Abstract: Triclosan is widely used in personal care products, and has been reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the triclosan levels in influents and effluents from three different sizes of sewage treatment plants using chlorine and ultraviolet (UV) for disinfection (i.e., STPs A, B, and C). Variations of triclosan concentration in influents and effluents (i.e., 9:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 13:00 p.m. and 15:00 p.m.) were also observed, respectively. The influent and effluent samples of the three STPs were composite samples collected every 2h during 9:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m by manual grab method, respectively. The samples were analyzed using a solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure, followed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Results demonstrated all of influent and effluent samples from three STPs contained triclosan. Significantly higher levels of triclosan were observed in effluent samples collected at STPs A (Median: 27.0 ng/L) as compared to in those collected at STPs B (15.0 ng/L), and C (8.0 ng/L) (p=0.012). STP A had the most serviced inhabitants and sewage flow. The triclosan levels at STP C with UV disinfection were lowest. The daytime peak of triclosan concentration in the collected influent samples was seen around 9:00 a.m. Notably, sewage discharge is the contamination source of triclosan in water bodies. Moreover, sewage flow and methods of disinfection may be the factors that affect the concentration of triclosan in effluents from sewage treatment plants.
Abstract: Triclosan is widely used in personal care products, and has been reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the triclosan levels in influents and effluents from three different sizes of sewage treatment plants using chlorine and ultraviolet (UV) for disinfection (i.e., STPs A, B, and C). Variations of tric...
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Estimation of Utilization Index and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk in Soil Samples Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry in Ibolo-Oraifite, Anambra State, Nigeria
Anekwe Uzochukwu Leonard,
Odezuligbo Ikenna Emmanuel
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
71-79
Received:
8 February 2022
Accepted:
11 March 2022
Published:
29 March 2022
Abstract: Ionizing radiations emanating from human natural environment could have serious negative effects at certain exposure level. Therefore the evaluation of radioisotopes of natural origin becomes very important in order to achieve specific objective to quantifying the radiological parameters and their respective health implications. Hence the estimation of Activity Utlization Index (AUI) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) has been done using gamma spectroscopy method. The results showed that the mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K from which the AUI and ELCR were computed were 22.19, 9.70 and 543.80 Bqkg-1 respectively. Activity Utilization Index ranged from 0.24 to 0.55 and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk ranged from 0.07 to 0.17 x 10-3. The average value of AUI was 0.38 whereas that of ELCR was found to be 0.12×10-3 which implied that 0.38 < 2, 0.17 < 0.29, standard permissible limits. Mean values of Dose, Igamma, annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), Hin, Hex and annual gonadal equivalent dose (AGED) were 38.95nGh-1, 0.61, 0.05, 0.27, 0.21 and 279.87µSvy-1 respectively. In conclusion, the empirical values of activity utilization index showed good air quality. Also, the computed values of the excess lifetime cancer risks indicated very low chances of potential carcinogenicity effect for a specific exposure to ionizing radiation in this environment.
Abstract: Ionizing radiations emanating from human natural environment could have serious negative effects at certain exposure level. Therefore the evaluation of radioisotopes of natural origin becomes very important in order to achieve specific objective to quantifying the radiological parameters and their respective health implications. Hence the estimatio...
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